Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Art University of Isfahan
2 Associate Professor, Family Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Supreme Studies of Art and Entrepreneurship, Department of Art studies, Isfahan University of Art, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Understanding the artists' creative process and their personality traits and knowing their relationship to each other can be used in understanding and analyzing the cognitive factors that influence the formation of an artwork. The purpose of this study was to find out the difference and relationship between creativity and personality traits among art students. Subjects were selected non-randomly from among the students of painting, graphic, photography, industrial design and architecture. The research method was descriptive and quantitative. The research tool for measuring creativity was the Torrance Creative Thinking Test (TTCT) and the NEO-FFI for measuring personality traits. It assesses four levels of creativity, including: 1) Fluency: the power of producing many ideas and answers (Question 1-15 is for measuring the fluency dimension of creativity); 2) Flexibility: the ability to change the direction of thinking or the ability to produce diverse ideas (Question 16-30 is for measuring dimension individuals' flexibility); 3) Originality: Ability to produce new or innovative ideas or products: Individual responses that have not been seen before and are new. (Questions 31-45 are for reviewing this dimension of creativity); 4) Elaboration: Ability to pay attention to details associated with an idea: That is, creative people pay more attention to the details of an idea. (Questions 60-46 are elaborated on in detail for creativity dimension). The total number of questions consists of 60 questions. Each question consists of three levels. The way it is calculated is that all four sub-scales of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration are brought together in detail to get the total score of creativity. The creativity score range is 0 to 50 (very low creativity); 50 to 75 (low creativity); 75 to 85 (medium creativity); 85 to 100 (high creativity); 100 to 120 (very high creativity). The NEO-FFI shortened form was used to measure personality traits. Each of the five factors of personality traits comprises six attributes, respectively: The first factor is Neuroticism: Anxiety, Hostility, self-conscientious, impulsiveness, vulnerability; the second factor is Extraversion: warmth, gregariousness, assertiveness, activity, excitement seeking, positive emotion; the third factor is openness to experience: fantasy, aesthetics, feelings, actions, ideas, values; the fourth factor is Agreeableness: trust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty, tendermindedness; the fifth factor is conscientiousness: competence, order, dutifulness, achievement striving, self-discipline, deliberation. The NEO-FFI instrument has been shown to be a valid and reliable shortening instrument with 60 items. The scoring method is defined on a 5-point Likert scale which includes strongly disagree=5, disagree=4, neutral=3, agree=2, strongly agree=1. Interpretation is performed separately in each factor and is divided into three categories: low=12 to 24; medium=24 to 48; high=48 to 60. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between variables and one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the difference. The findings indicate that there is a correlation between creativity and personality traits, and there are some differences.
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